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Годлевська О. В. Сучасний стан фауни рукокрилих України в умовах антропогенної трансформації середовища. — Рукопис. Дисертація на здобуття наукового ступеня кандидата біологічних наук за спеціальністю 03.00.08 – зоологія. Інститут зоології ім. І. І. Шмальгаузена НАН України. Київ, 2006.

Проведено узагальнення та систематизацію всіх наявних даних щодо знахідок рукокрилих на території України. Для всіх видів фауни проведено аналіз чисельності, поширення, сезонності, сховищ, що використовуються ними. Проведено опис та порівняння фаун рукокрилих природних зон України, визначено їх фонові види. Подано оцінку впливу антропогенного чинника на рукокрилих в межах України. Показано роль антропогенних сховищ в часовому та просторовому розміщенні рукокрилих. Описано характер використання рукокрилими міського середовища (на прикладі Києва). Наведено оцінку природоохоронного статусу видів хіроптерофауни України. Показано необхідність реалізації заходів з охорони рукокрилих, обґрунтовано її першочергові завдання.

Ключові слова: рукокрилі, чисельність, поширення, міграційний статус, сховища, антропогенні зміни середовища, Україна

Godlevskaya E. V. A current state of bat fauna of Ukraine in conditions of anthropogenic transformation of the environment. — Manuscript. Thesis for the scientific degree of candidate of biological sciences, speciality 03.00.08 – zoology. – Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. Kyiv, 2006.

Generalization and systematization of all available information on records of bats at the territory of Ukraine was realized. The information includes original author’s results, literary and museum data.

For all bat species analysis of number, distribution, seasonality and types of roost used was done. Description and comparison of bat faunas of all main natural zones of Ukraine is realized, their background species are determined. The richest regions on number of species are: Ukrainian Carpathians — 22 species, Zone of deciduous forests — 22 species, Crimean mountains — 19 species (together with the Crimean steppe province — 20 species). These three regions are characterized by high indexes of a specific diversity both in winter and summer seasons. In all regions, besides one, from not troglophilous species Nyctalus noctula and Eptesicus serotinus dominate by frequency of occurrence; in Crimean mountains, Pipistrellus pipistrellus s. l. Among troglophilous species in different regions of Ukraine Myotis daubentonii has highest values of frequency of occurrence and representativeness. Among troglophilous species, distribution of which is restricted with cave regions of Ukraine, Rhinolophus hipposideros, R. ferrumequinum and Myotis myotis, M. blythii dominate by frequency of occurrence.

The role of anthropogenic roosts in temporal and spatial of bats distribution of bats is determined. Overwhelming majority of species (23 from 26) are registered regularly in anthropogenic roosts. At that, 18 species use such roosts in a half or more cases. Roosts for hibernation in conditions of urban landscapes 11 species use: in underground shelters, 6 species (M. daubentonii dominates); in overgound ones, 8 species (Eptesicus serotinus dominates). In summer urban roosts are used by 20 species, including 8 species, underground type (Myotis myotis dominates); 18 species, overground type (dominant — Nyctalus noctula, subdominant — E. serotinus).

Character of use of bats of urban habitats (on an example of Kiev City) is considered. Shown, that city underground cavities may be places of significant winter aggregations of bats. The maximum quantity which has been found (which has been found) during hibernation in one underground object is 269 individuals. For city underground cavities of Kiev the phenomenon of autumn swarming is registered. Earlier the phenomenon was described only for not urban underground objects.

Summer detector census carried out at the territory of Kiev revealed 10 species from 15 ones, known for Kiev province as a whole, from them 6 species — built up zones. A forest-park zone is characterized by the highest values of flight activity and species composition of bats (10 species). From built up zones the biggest quantity of registrations and species was marked for a zone of family houses. For other types of built up zones (old and new many-storied houses, old few-stories houses) the fewer quantity of species — 2–4 ones — was marked.

The assessment of influence of an anthropogenic factor on bats within Ukraine is given. Three main consequences are distinguished: 1) decrease of number (e. g., Miniopterus schreibersii and M. blythii), changes of the migratory status of species (e.g., Nyctalus noctula and Vespertilio murinus), widening of areals' borders (first of all — Pipistrellus kuhlii and E. serotinus).

Key words: bats, number, distribution, migratory status, roosts, anthropogenic changes of the environment, Ukraine

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