references |
Apollonio, M., Andersen
R., Putman R. 2010. Present status und future challenges
for European ungulate management. In: Apollonio
M., Andersen R., Putman R. (eds). European ungulates
and their management in the 21st century, vol 75.
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, p. 474.
Atuo, F.A, O’Connell T.J. 2017. The landscape of
fear as an emergent property of heterogeneity: contrasting
patterns of predation risk in grassland ecosystems.
Ecol Evol., 7: 4782–4793.
Berger J. 2007. Fear, human shields and the redistribution
of prey and predators in protected areas. Biology
Letters, 3: 620–623.
Bonnot N., Verheyden H., Blanchard P., Cote JJ.,
Debeffe L., Cargnelluti B., Klein F., Hewison A.J.M.,
Morellet N. 2015. Interindividual variability in
habitat use: evidence for a risk management syndrome
in roe deer? Behavioral Ecology, 26 (1): 105–114.
https://doi.org/10.1093/beheco/aru169
Brown J. S. 1999. Vigilance, patch use and habitat
selection: foraging under predation risk. Evol Ecol
Res, 1: 49–71.
Buesching C.D., Newman C., Macdonald D.W. 2014.
How dear are deer volunteers: the efficiency of
monitoring deer using teams of volunteers to conduct
pellet group counts. Oryx. Vol. 48 (4).
Campbell D., Swanson G., Sales J. 2004. Comparing
the precision and cost-effectiveness of fecal pellet
group count methods.J Appl Ecol. 41:1185-1196.
CederlundG., Bergqvist J.,Kiellander P., Gill R.,
Gaillard J.M., Boisaubert B., Ballon B., Duncan
P. 1998. Managing roe deer and their impact on the
environment: maximizing the net benefits to society.
In: Duncan P., Linell J.D.C., editors. The European
roe deer: the biology of success. Oslo: Scandinavian
University Press; 1998: 337-372.
Ciuti S., Northrup J.M., Muhly T.B., Simi S., Musiani
M., Pitt J.A., Boyce M.S. 2012. Effects of humans
of behavior of wildlife exceed those of natural
in a landscape оf fear. PLOS ONE, 7,e50611
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0050611
Crawford D. A., Conner L.M., Clinchy M., Zanette
L.Y., Cherry M. J. 2022. Prey tells, large herbivores
fear the human ‘super predator’. Oecologia, 198(1):
91-98.
Cristescu B., Elbroch L.M., Forrester T.D., Allen
M.L., Spitz D.B., Wilmers C.C., Wittmer H.U. 2022.
Standardizing protocols for determining the cause
of mortality in wildlife studies. Ecology and Evolution.
12/6. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.9034
Cromsigt J., Rensburg S., Etienne R., Olff H. 2009.
Monitoring large herbivore diversity at different
scales: comparing direct and indirect methods. Biodivers
Conserv. 18:1219-1231.
Davis N.E., Bennet A., Forsyth D.M., Bowman D.M.J.S.,
Lefroy E.C., Wood S.M., Woolnough A.P., West P.,
Hampton J.O., Johnson C.N. 2016. A systematic review
of the impacts and management of introduced deer
(family Cervidae) in Australia. Wildlife Research
43 (6): 515-532. https://doi.org/10.1071/WR16148
Dingemanse N., Dochtermann N.A., Nacagawa S. 2012.
Defining behavioural syndromes and the role of’syndrome
devation’ in understanding their evolution. Behav
Ecol Sociolbiol. 66: 1543-1548.
Estreguil C., Caudullo G., de Rigo D., San Miguel
J. 2013. Forest landscape in Europe: pattern, fragmentation,
and connectivity. JRC Scientific and Policy Reports,
Institute for Environment and Sustainability, Joint
Research Centre, European Commission. https://doi.org/10.2788/77842
Floigaard C.,… Eirnaes R. 2017. Body condition,
diet and ecosystem function of red deer (Cervus
elaphus) in a fenced nature reserve. Global Ecology
and Conservation. Vol.11, July 2017:312-323. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2017.07.003
Fuhlendorf S.D., and Engle D.M. 2004. Application
of the fire-grazing interaction to restore a shifting
mosaic on tallgrass prairie. Journal of Applied
Ecology. 41:604-614.
Fuhlendorf S.D., Engle D.M., Kerby J.A.Y., Hamilton
R. 2009. Pyric Herbivory: revilding landscapes through
the recoupling of fire and grazing. Conservation
Biology. 23:588-597. Google Scholar
Gehr B., Hofer E.J., Pewsner M., Ryser A., Vimercati
E., Vogt KK., Keller L.F. 2018. Hunting-mediated
predator facilitation and superadditive mortality
in a European undulate. https:doi.org/10.1002/ece3.3642wp
Hazi J., Bartha S., Scentes S., Wichmann B. 2011.
Seminatural grassland management by mowing of Calamagrostis
epigejos in Hungary. Plant Biosystems 145 (3): 699-707.
Hazi J., Pencsza K., Barczi A., Scentes S., Papaj
G. 2022. Effe cts of Long-Term Mowing on Biomass
Composition in Pannonian Dry Grasslands. Academic
Editor: Hongliang Wang Agronomy 12 (5), 1107. https//doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12051107
Hartnett D.C., Steuter A.A., Hickman K.R. 1997.
Comparative ecology of native versus introduced
ungulates. Ecology and Conservation of Great Plains
vertebrates. Springer-Verlag. New-York. USA:72-101.
Hernandez L., Laundre J.W. 2005. Forading in the
‘landscape of fear’ and its implications for habitat
use and diet quality of elk Cervus elaphus and bison
Bison bison. Wildlife Biology. 11(3): 215-220.
Hopcraft J.G., Sinclair A,R., Packer C. 2005. Planning
for success: Serengeti lions seek prey accessibility
rather than abundance. J Amin Ecol 74:559-566.
Kauffman M.J., Smith V.N., Stahler D.V., MacNulty
D.R., Boyce M.S. 2007. Landscape heterogeneity shapes
predation in a newly restored predator-prey system.
Ecol Let 10:690-700.
Krebs .J., Boonstra R., Nams V., O’Donoghue M.,
Hodges K.E., Boutin C. 2001. Estimating snowshoe
hare population density from pellet plots: A further
evaluation. Canadian Journal of Zoology. 79:1-4.
https://doi.org/10.1139/zoo-177
Kriva V., Cressman R. 2009. On evolutionary stability
in predator-prey models with fast behavioral dynamics.
Evol Ecol Res 11: 227-251.
Laing S.E., Buckland S.T., Burn R.W., Lambie D.,
Amphlett A. 2003. Dung and nest surveys: Estimating
decay rates. Journal of Applied ecology. 40: 1102-1111.
Laundre J.W. 2010. Behavioral response races, predator-prey
shell games, ecology of fear, and patch use of pumas
and their ungulate prey. Ecology 91: 2995-3007.
Lioy S., Braghiroli S., Dematteis A., Meneguz P.G.,
Tizzani P. 2014. Faecal pellet count method: some
evaluations of dropping detectability for Capreolus
cfcpreolus Linnaeus, 1758 (Mammalia: Cervidae) and
Lepus europaeus pallas,1778 (Mammalia: Leporidae):
231-237. https://doi.org/10.1080/11250003.2014.963178
Lone K., Loe L.E., Meisingset E.L., Stamnes I.,
Mysterud A. 2015. An adaptive behavioural response
to hunting: male red deer shift habitat at the onset
of the hunting season. Animal Behavior. Vol.102:127-138.
Lonsinger R.C., Gese E.M., Waits L.P. 2015. Evaluating
the reliability of field identification and morphometric
classifications for carnivore scats confirmed with
genetic analysis. Wildl Soc Bull. 39:593-602. https://doi.org/10.1002/wsb.549
MacArthur R.H., Pianca E.R. 1966. On optimal use
of a patchy environment. Am Nat 100:603-609.
Main D. 2021. Wild horses and donkeys dig wells
in the desert, providing water for wildlife. Science.
https://www.nationalgeographic.com
Martin J.G., Reale D. 2008. Animal temperament and
human disturbance: implications for the response
of wildlife to tourism. Behav Processes. 77: 66-72.
Mayle B.A., Peace A.J., Gill R.M.A. 1999. How many
deer? A field guide to estimating deer population
size. Forestry Commission , Edinburgh. 1-96.
Mc Cartan N. 2019. Critical Anqalysis of Rewilding
Chernobyl as a Novel Ecosystem. researchgate.net
https://www.researchgate.net
Melis C., Buset A., Aarrestad P.A., Hanssen O.,
Meisingset E.L., Andersen R., Moksnes A., Roskaft
E. 2006. Impact of Deer Cervus elaphus Grazing on
Bilberry Vaccinium myrtillus and Composition of
Ground Beetle (Coleoptera, Carabidae) Assemblage.
Dsodiversity & Conservation. 15: 2049-2059.
Moran V.D. 2014. Bison grazing increases arthropod
community caused by a generalist arthropod predator.
Oecologia. 113:126-132.
Muller A., Dahm M., Bocher P.K., Root-Bernstein
M., Svenning J.-C. 2017. Large herbivores in novel
ecosystems- Habitat selection by red deer (Cervus
elaphus) in a former brown-coal mining area. PLoS
ONE. 12(5):e0177431.
Mysterud A. 2006. The concept of overgrazing and
its role in management of large herbivores. Wildlife
Biology, 12(2):129-141.
Mysterud A. 2010. Still walking on the wild side?
Management actionsas steps towards ‘semi-domestication’
of hunted ungulates. J.Appl.Ecol. 47:920-925. Google
Scholar
Lundgren E.J., Ramp D., and Wallach A.D. 2021. Eguids
engineer desert water availability. Science. 372.6541:
491-495.
Nickell Z., Varriano S., Plemmons E., Moran M.D.
2018. Ecosystem engineering by bison (Bison bison)
wallowing increases arthropod community heterogeneity
in space and time. Ecosphere. Vol.9. Issue 9/e02436
https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs.2.2436
Nicholson K.L, Milleret C, Mansson J, Sand H. 2014.
Testing the risk of predation hypothesis: the influence
of recolonizing wolves on habitat use by moose.
Ecological 176:69–80. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-014-3004-9
Nichols R.V., Akesson M., Kiellaander P. 2016. Diet
Assessment Based on Rumen Contents: A Comparison
between DNA Metabarcoding and Macroscopy. PLoS One.
2016; 11(6). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4913902
Palmer S. and Truscott A.-M. 200. Browsing by deer
on naturally regenerating Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris
L.) and its effects on sapling growth. For. Ecol.
Manag. 182:31-47.
Patterson B.R., MacDonald B.A., Lock B.A., Anderson
D.G., Benjamin L.K. 2002. Proximate factors limiting
population growth of white-tailend deer in Nova
Scotia. The Journal of Wildlife Management/ 66:511-521
Peter H., Zuberbuhler K., Hobaiter C. 2022. Well-digging
in a community of forest-living wild East African
chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii). Primates.
63: 355-364.
Proudman V. 2018. A Landscape of Fear: Behavioural
Responses in Red Deer (Cervus elaphus) to Risk Effects
posed by Wolves (Canis lupus) and Human Hunters
in a European Primeval Forest. BIO M01 20171 Degree
Projects in Biology. https://lup.lub.lu.se
Prugh L.R., Krebs C.J. 2004. Snowshoe hare pellet-decay
rates and aging in different habitats. Wildlife
Society Bulletin. 32:386-393. https://doi.org/10.2193/0091-7648(2004)32[386:SHPRAA]2.0.CO;2
Przewalski’s Horse (Eguus ferus przewalskii) Fact
Sheet: Diet & Feeding. 2021. https:ielc.libguides.com
Putman R.J. 1984. Facts from faces. Mammal Rev.
14:79-97.
Rebele F., Lehmann C. 2001. Biological Flora of
Central Europe: Calamagrostis epigejos (L.) Roth.
Flora — Morphology. Distribution Functional Ecology
of Plants 196 (5): 325-344.
Sand H., Jamieson M., Andren H., Wikenros C., Cromsigt
J., Mansson J. 2021. Behavioral effects of wolf
presence on moose habitat selection. Oecologia volume
197:101–116.
Sih A, Bolnick DI, Luttbeg B, Orrock JL, Peacor
SD, Pintor LM, Preisser E, Rehage JS, Vonesh J.R
. 2010. Predator-prey naivete, antipredator behavior,
and the ecology of predator invasions. Oikos 119:610–621.
Schmidt K., Dries P.J., Kuijper D. 2015. A “death
trap” in the landscape of fear. Mammal Research
60, 275-284. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13364-015-0229-x
Smith J., Suraci J.P., Clinchy M., Crawford A.,
Roberts D., Zanette L.Y., Vilmers C.C. 2017. Fear
of the human ‘super predator’ reduces feeding time
in large carnivores. Proceedings of the Royal Society
B: Biological Sciences, 284(1857), 20170433.
Somodi I., Viragh K., Podani J. 2008. The effect
of the expansion of the clonal grass Calamagrostris
epigejos the species turnover of a semi-arid grassland.
Applied Vegetation Science. 11(2):187-192. https:doi.org/10/3170/2008-7-18354
Spitcer R., Churski M., Cromsigt J.P.C. 2019. Doubting
dung: eDNA reveals high rates of misidentification
in diverse European ungulate communities. European
Journal of Wildlife research. 65(28). https://doi.org/10/1007/s10344-019-1264-8
|