abstract |
The article
is devoted to the research on the abundance and
species composition of small mammals in the territory
of central Ukraine (Cherkasy, Poltava, and Kyiv
oblasts) affected by land development by drainage.
The drainage areas of the studied region are located
mainly in fens, which in most cases are connected
with river valleys. The vegetation there used to
be represented by reed sets with thickets of reed–mace
as well as various sedges and horsetails. The drainage
process consists of several stages. It is possible
to outline four of them within the studied areas.
The aim of the research was to analyse the influence
drainage has on the abundance and species composition
of small mammals. In total, 4161 rodents and shrews
were captured at a sampling effort of 60 890 trap-days.
It was found that drainage is a strong anthropogenic
factor that shapes the abundance and species composition
of small mammals within the drained lands of central
Ukraine. It was revealed that the species diversity
of small mammals decreases essentially as the area
of drainage grows. In general, with drainage, the
number of hydrophilous species decreases sharply
or they become extinct, whereas the number of species
that prefer open habitats increases. At the same
time, the general diversity index (H) reaches the
greatest value in areas of the second stage of drainage,
and, as drainage works expand, the species diversity
decreases significantly. The abundance dynamics
of small-mammal species both by habitats and drainage
stages is presented. The research results make it
possible to understand some patterns drainage causes
to the fauna of shrews and rodents, and, accordingly,
the specifics of adaptation of the latter to those
patterns. The obtained data can be used to estimate
and foresee the number of small mammals within different
regions of Ukraine, to develop measures to control
harmful rodents in drainage areas, to predict the
real scale of economic damage caused by them, and
to elaborate some theoretical issues in biogeography. |
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